【导语】下面是小编为大家整理的关于清明节的英语介绍(共17篇),欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。
The Tradition of Ching Ming Festival 每年的清明定在二十四节气的春分后的第十五天,清明节是子孙们去扫墓祭祖的节日,人们会带祭品前往祭祖,同时打扫和清理墓啤。今年的清明节是公历4月4日。
Ancestor worship is a Chinese tradition dating back thousands of years. 中国祭祀
祖先的传统已有数千年之久。
Also known as the Grave-sweeping or Spring Remembrance, Ching Ming (“clear and bright”), is when Chinese families show their respect by visiting the graves of their ancestors to clear away weeds, touch up gravestone inscriptions and make offerings of wine and fruit.
清明时,中国阖家前往祭拜祖先,同时把祖坟修饰一下,把杂草清除。然后准备一些、酒和水果作为对祖先的祭品。
清明节的翻译
“清明”依音译为“Ching Ming, 但“节”关于清明节的英语名言关于清明节的英语名言
则依意译为festival,合起来便是Ching Ming Festival, 是音译和意译的混合物。
此外,我们再学习几个中国传统节日的英译: “春节”在英文上叫做Chinese New Year's Day, 是意译,字面的意思就是“中国人的新年”;或Spring Festival,即“春天的节日”;或Chinese Lunar New Year,即“中国农历新年”
“端午节”的译法和“清明节”一样,“端午”译为Duan Wu, 节是Festival。不过,许多人也喜欢称之为Dragon Boat Festival,意为“龙舟节”。
“中秋节”逐字意译为Mid-Autumn Festival,有时则在前边加上Chinese。亦有人称之为
Moon Festival的。
“重阳节”也和“清明节”、“端午节”一般译法,称为Chung Yeung Festival。由于我们有时也把“重阳”称为“重九”,所以有些英国人也把我们的这一个节日叫做“Double-ninth Day,”不过还是前者较多用。
扩充阅读一:Chinese Ching Ming Festival
A Chinese holiday, celebrated on April 4th, is the Ching Ming Festival (Qingming Festival). Ching, in Chinese, means pure or clean and Ming means brightness. Most people call this holiday grave-sweeping day because people head to the cemetery to
clean graves.
There are many Ching Ming rituals[仪式] which include pulling out weeds around the headstone, cleaning the stone and replacing wilted or dead flowers with fresh ones. People also burn incense[薰香] and paper money. The paper money is for the deceased to use in the afterlife. You'll even see food arranged on headstones, but it's not a picnic. The food is an offering to the spirits. Three sets of chopsticks[筷子] and three Chinese wine cups are also placed above the food, close to the headstone.
Other rituals include family
1) 满眼游丝兼落絮,红杏开时,一霎清明雨。____冯延巳《鹊踏枝·清明》
2) 无花无酒过清明,兴味萧然似野僧。____王禹偁《清明》
3) 听风听雨过清明。愁草瘗花铭。____吴文英《风入松·听风听雨过清明》
4) 清明又近也,却天涯为客。____曹组《忆少年·年时酒伴》
5) 清明时节出郊原,寂寂山城柳映门。____杨徽之《寒食寄郑起侍郎》
6) 庭轩寂寞近清明,残花中酒,又是去年病。____张先《青门引·春思》
7) 一郡官闲唯副使,一年冷节是清明。____王禹偁《清明日独酌》
8) 中庭月色正清明,无数杨花过无影。____张先《木兰花·乙卯吴兴寒食》
9) 梨花风起正清明,游子寻春半出城。____吴惟信《苏堤清明即事》
10) 野棠花落,又匆匆过了,清明时节。____辛弃疾《念奴娇·书东流村壁》
11) 万条千缕绿相迎。舞烟眠雨过清明。____晏几道《浣溪沙·二月和风到碧城》
12) 残杏枝头花几许。啼红正恨清明雨。____赵令畤《蝶恋花·欲减罗衣寒未去》
13) 拆桐花烂漫,乍疏雨、洗清明。____柳永《木兰花慢·拆桐花烂漫》
14) 好风胧月清明夜,碧砌红轩刺史家。____白居易《清明夜》
15) 乌啼鹊噪昏乔木,清明寒食谁家哭。____白居易《寒食野望吟》
16) 几多情,无处说,落花飞絮清明节。____魏承班《渔歌子·柳如眉》
17) 燕归花谢,早因循、又过清明。____纳兰性德《红窗月·燕归花谢》
18) 清明过了,不堪回首,云锁朱楼。____朱淑真《眼儿媚·风日迟迟弄轻柔》
19) 时霎清明,载花不过西园路。____吴文英《点绛唇·时霎清明》
20) 拆桐花烂熳,乍疏雨、洗清明。____柳永《木兰花慢·拆桐花烂熳》
21) 试上吴门窥郡郭,清明几处有新烟。____张继《闾门即事》
22) 清明天气。永日愁如醉。____杜安世《鹤冲天·清明天气》
23) 才过清明,渐觉伤春暮。____李冠《蝶恋花·春暮》
24) 帝里重清明,人心自愁思。____孟浩然《清明即事》
25) 白下有山皆绕郭,清明无客不思家。____高启《清明呈馆中诸公》
26) 东风惆怅欲清明,公子桥边沉醉。____张泌《满宫花·花正芳》
27) 况是清明好天气,不妨游衍莫忘归。____程颢《郊行即事》
28) 清明节,雨晴天,得意正当年。____薛昭蕴《喜迁莺·清明节》
29) 算韶华,又因循过了,清明时候。____王雱《倦寻芳慢·露晞向晚》
30) 内官初赐清明火,上相闲分白打钱。____韦庄《长安清明》
The tomb sweeping day is one of the traditional festivals in China. On April 5th, people start to visit their ancestors’tombs.
Generally speaking, people will bring the home-made food, some fake money and paper-made mansion to their ancestors. When they start to honour their ancestor, they will light up some candles and incense, put some flowers around the tombs.
The most important thing is to put the home-made food in front of the tombs. The food, also known as sacrifices, is usually made up with a chicken, a fish and some pork. It is a symbol of the offspring’s respect to the ancestors.
People believe that the forbears will share the food with them. The children dedicate the food and money to their forbears in order to show their love and caring. The young offspring will go down on their knees and pray for their ancestors. They can say their wishes in front of the tombs and the ancestors will make their dreams come true.
31) 清明时节雨声哗。潮拥渡头沙。____张炎《朝中措·清明时节》
32) 今日清明节,园林胜事偏。____贾岛《清明日园林寄友人》
33) 清明上巳西湖好,满目繁华。____欧阳修《采桑子·清明上巳西湖好》
34) 待把酒送君,恰又清明后。____何梦桂《摸鱼儿·记年时人人何处》
35) 马上逢寒食,途中属暮春。《途中寒食》
36) 撩乱春风惹杏花,断送清芬到天涯。《清明祭诗》
37) 风雨梨花寒食过,几家坟上子孙来。《送陈秀才》
38) 赏芳时节清明日,清明把酒释别愁。《清明祭诗》
39) 况是清明好天气,不妨游衍莫忘归。《郊行即事》
40) 晚霁龙门雨,春生汝穴风。《清明日自西午桥至瓜》
41) 轻红沾雨不胜衣,才回倦眼又迷离。《清明祭诗》
42) 出犯繁花露,归穿弱柳风。《清明日》
43) 看舞颜如玉,听诗韵似金。绮罗从许笑,弦管不妨吟。可惜春风老,无嫌酒盏深。辞花送寒食,并在此时心。《清明日观妓舞听客诗》【唐】白居易
44) 新莺嘹乱柳烟低,断魂春雨断肠期。《清明祭诗》
45) 赏芳时节清明日,清明把酒释别愁。《清明祭诗》
46) 南北山头多墓田,清明祭扫各纷然。纸灰飞作白蝴蝶,血泪染成红杜鹃。《清明》
47) 春雨杏花满清明,追思犹怨水烟轻。《清明祭诗》
48) 佳节清明桃李笑,野田荒冢自生愁。雷惊天地龙蛇蛰,雨足郊原草木柔。《清明》
49) 江南烟雨画屏中,半镜斜窗弄小红。燕子不来楼阁回,柳丝今日向东风。《清明》
50) 出犯繁花露,归穿弱柳风。《清明日》
51) 满衣血泪与尘埃,乱后还乡亦可哀。风雨梨花寒食过,几家坟上子孙来?《送陈秀才还沙上省墓》(明)高启
52) 朝听细雨润门扉,年年一度送春回。《清明祭诗》
53) 风雨梨花寒食过,几家坟上子孙来。《送陈秀才》
54) 清明时节雨纷纷,路上行人欲断魂。借问酒家何处有?牧童遥指杏花村。《清明》(唐)杜牧
55) 清明时节雨纷纷,路上行人欲断魂。《清明》
56) 好风胧月清明夜,碧砌红轩刺史家。独绕回廊行复歇,遥听弦管暗看花。《清明夜》【唐】白居易
57) 清明节气杏花天,诗酒清吟祭华年。折尽长条倚春雨,为君垂泪小窗边。《清明祭诗》
58) 新莺嘹乱柳烟低,断魂春雨断肠期。《清明祭诗》
59) 风光烟火清明日,歌哭悲欢城市间。何事不随东洛水,谁家又葬北邙山。中桥车马长无已,下渡舟航亦不闲。冢墓累累人扰扰,辽东怅望鹤飞还。《清明日登老君阁望洛城赠韩道士》【唐】白居易
60) 清明暮春里,怅望北山陲。燧火开新焰,桐花发故枝。《清明》
看了关于清明节的英语介绍及清明节英语名言警句还看:
介绍清明节英语作文
The tomb sweeping day is one of the traditional festivals in China. On April 5th, people start to visit their ancestors’ tombs. Generally speaking, people will bring the home-made food, some fake money and paper-made mansion to their ancestors. When they start to honour their ancestor, they will light up some candles and incense, put some flowers around the tombs. The most important thing is to put the home-made food in front of the tombs. The food, also known as sacrifices, is usually made up with a chicken, a fish and some pork. It’s a symbol of the offspring’s respect to the ancestors. People believe that the forbears will share the food with them. The children dedicate the food and money to their forbears in order to show their love and caring. The young offspring will go down on their knees and pray for their ancestors. They can say their wishes in front of the tombs and the ancestors will make their dreams e true.
In some provinces of China, people use different activities to memorate this day, for instance, spring-outing, swinging, tree planting and making special food. One special food is Ay Tsao rice balls. It looks like Tang-yuan, but its colour is green. Mix the ay tsao juice with the rice powder, then make it into small balls. The Ay Tsao rice ball is done. People believe that eating ay tsao rice balls can get rid of the bad luck and everything will go smoothly. Other activities such as spring outing, tree planting are the other ways to memorate the forbears. For one thing, it is a sign that people should look into the future and embrace the hope; for another thing, we do hope our ancestor rest in peace.
The Customs of the Ching Ming Festival
The custom of the qingming festival is richinteresting, in addition to pay attention to the fire, the grave, and outing,swing, a game called cuju, play polo, ed liu and so on a series ofcustoms sports activities. This is because tomb-sweeping day to people from thefire, in order to prevent a cold buffet injury body, so everyone to take partin some of the sports activities, and to exercise.
Therefore, this festivalboth JiSao new born from the grave don't dead BeiSuan tears, and visit outinglaughter, is a rich characteristic holiday.
But, as a clear festival, and pure solar termand different. Solar term is our country phenology, seasonal change of theorder of symbol, and the festival is contains certain custom of commemoration.
Ching Ming festival is a traditionalChinese festival, is also the most important sacrifice holiday, is the day ofworship their ancestors and the grave. The grave commonly known as ShangFen,the sacrifices of the dead an activity. The han nationality and some minorityare mostly in the ching Ming festival the grave.
According to the old tradition, the grave,people to carry goods such as especially fruit, paper money to the cemetery,will be food for offering in the tomb of loved ones, then the deadincineration, grave earthed up new soil, fold a few branches of the 60-footgreen ed in a grave, and then KouTou worship salute, finally eatespecially home.
On each Qingming Festival, all cemeteries are crowded with people who came to sweep tombs and offer sacrifices. Traffic on the way to the cemeteries becomes extremely jammed. The customs have been greatly simplified today. After slightly sweeping the tombs, people offer food, flowers and favorites of the dead, then burn incense and paper money and bow before the memorial tablet.
This is the most important day of sacrifice. Both the Han and minority ethnic groups at this time offer sacrifices to their ancestors and sweep the tombs of the diseased. Also, they will not cook on this day and only cold food is served.
在每一个清明节,所有的墓地都挤满了人,他们来清扫墓地和献祭。交通前往公墓将变得十分拥挤不堪。海关已经大大简化今天。稍微打扫的坟墓,之后人们提供食物、鲜花和最爱的人死了,然后烧香、纸币牌位前,鞠躬。
这是最重要的祭祀日子。两个汉族与少数民族在这个时候祭祀祖先的坟墓,扫墓。同时,他们不会在这一天做饭,只有冷的食物了。
高一介绍清明节英语作文
The tomb-sweeping day as a holiday, are different from pure solar terms. Solar term is a sign of phenology change, seasonal order in China, and it is more a festival of custom activities and some memorable.
Tomb-sweeping day is Chinas traditional festival, is also the most important memory of ancestors and the grave. This grave to commemorate the dead mans a kind of activity. The han nationality and some minority are mostly in the tombs. Grave, people to carry goods such as especially fruit, paper money to the grave, will be food for offering in the family tomb, to use paper money on fire new soil up to the grave, fold a few branches pale green branches ed in the grave, and then kowtow worship salute, finally eat especially home. The tang dynasty poet tu mus poem “qingming” : “rains fall heavily as qingming comes, and passers-by with lowered spirits go. Restaurant where? Boy pointed apricot blossom village.” Write the ching Ming festival special atmosphere.
Ching Ming festival, also called TaQingJie, according to the solar calendar for, it is in every year on April 4 to 6, between, it is beautiful spring scenery spring-out of season, also is a good time to people spring outing, so the ancients had qingming outing, and carry out a series of customs sports activities.
Until today, tomb-sweeping day ancestor worship, mourning the late relatives customs still prevail.
Today, April 4th, qingming festival. As soon as I got up, I saw a misty rain outside. I looked down through the window, and there was a long queue at the door. I am curious to ask mother: “mother, that shop is to sell what ah, why so many people line up?” “They are selling green dumplings, and eating green dumplings is a custom of qingming festival.” “Mom replied. ”Oh, I see, mom. I want to try a green ball, please?“ ”All right. My mother and I asked the aunt of the downstairs shop for some rice flour and bean paste. In fact, these rice noodles are rice noodles with a bit of wild vegetable juice to turn green.
My mother and I went to the kitchen, washed our hands first, then rolled up our sleeves, and then started the green ball. I first divided the rice noodles into five powders, because my mother had done it before, so I asked my mother how to do it. Mother gave me a demonstration that she picked up one of them I made of glutinous rice dough, and then touch on some water besmear to glutinous rice dough, began to knead the glutinous rice dough, until the dough into a circle, then toward the middle of the glutinous rice dough with finger rub, rub a hole, and then gradually enlarge the hole, and then with a spoon scoop a spoonful of bean paste filling, put the red bean paste in that place, put the hole closed, then rub into a circle, a green dumplings is ready.
I learn to mothers appearance, picked up a I had made a glutinous rice dough, roll the dough into a round, thought is very simple, but the glutinous rice dough is soft, knead a flat, is not obedient, mother said: “you cant put his hand flat knead, knead arch up to handle, like this can knead circle!” I put my hand to my mothers words, and sure enough, the youth was very obedient. Then I made a hole in the middle of the dough with my fingers and put the bean paste in it, but it was easy to put it in. No matter how I do it, it has a little bit of bean paste on the outside, the bean paste filling in, and the bean paste on the other side comes out again. I had no choice but to turn to my mother again. “You cant fill it with rice flour from the exposed bean paste,” she said. “you can fill it with rice flour that is far away from the bean paste.” After listening to my mothers words, I took a small piece of rice flour from the bean paste that was exposed to fill the bean paste, and did not reveal the bean paste again. Thus, a youth league was finished. With the previous experience, the next youth group I did a lot easier, after a while, finished.
The mother tore the lotus leaf into pieces and placed them in a cooking pot. Then she put one on top of the green one and began to steam it. About ten minutes later, my mother took the lid off the pot, and the scent was so delicious that my mother and I picked up one and put it in our mouth. “MMM, delicious!” “I said to my mother.
It is not only fun, but also delicious. I will continue to do the qingming festival next year.
Since I can remember, every year on the day of Tomb Sweeping Day, my father takes me back to my hometown to visit my grandfather's grave. This year is no exception.
Early in the morning, there were a lot of traffic on the suburban roads. I guess they all went to worship their relatives. Unknowingly, they drove into the country road and rode on the asphalt road in the country. Through the window, the rural air was so fresh. The wheat seedlings in the field fluctuated up and down by the spring wind, like the waves of the sea. The orchards on the side of the road were full of white pear flowers and pink peach flowers, which was a beautiful picture, It's a paradise.
We soon arrived at Grandpa's tomb. I first swept the tombstone for Grandpa, burned paper money, poured a glass of wine and set off firecrackers before leaving. I said to grandpa in my heart, ”Grandpa, I'll come to see you next year's Tomb Sweeping Day.“
”Qingming Festival rain in succession“ this sentence was confirmed by the wonderful nature, yesterday, the rain of patter of patter, my heart is as heavy as a stone, because I want to give my master and old milk the tomb, before, I do not understand the true meaning of the Qingming Festival, until after the tomb, I know the true meaning of the Tomb Sweeping Day!
At seven o'clock in the morning, we are going to sweep the grave for the old man and the old milk. It's a new thing for me to go to the grave. We set out with tools.
I can't wait to walk on the winding mountain road for about an hour. We came to the tomb of the old man and the old milk. After a year, the graves were full of barren grass. After the division of labor, we began to be busy. After all, we began to burn the paper money. With the curl of smoke, I seemed to look at the smoke. I seemed to look as if I would see the smoke curling up. To their shadow, they told me, ”study hard and cherish life.
Yes, a man's life is short and happy to live every day. To surpass self, transcend oneself, dream will come true; transcend self, dream into power; transcend self, create a beautiful life! I think life surpasses self and transcends dreams! On the mountain, the house of the city is full of eyes, the mountains are full and the mountains are full. The rape flower of golden golden light is deeply breathed, the faint fragrance and fresh air, and those flowers interpret the meaning of life with the force that cannot be resisted.
The customs of the Qingming Festival: such as cold food, tomb sweeping, outing, flying kites, swinging, fighting chickens, tug of war and so on. These customs have gradually been forgotten with the years and social changes, some of them have been forgotten, and some still have been left to the present and give new connotations.
In old Qingdao, Qingming Festival was also seen as a great solar terms. The festival is the day before Tomb-sweeping Day, every family off the fire, to eat cold food. “That 105 days after the winter solstice, the day before the fire, cold, it is also called the” cold day “and” no smoking day“. People in the two days before the Qingming open fire, that is, the day is not bright, cooked rice, until after sunset to burn, to show the nostalgia for relatives, because people often continue the activities of the cold food festival to Qingming, and gradually the cold food and clear together.
Prevailing in the Tomb-sweeping Day grave custom, commonly known as ”grave grave“. This day to fill the entire ancestral grave, remove dust, weed, incense burning paper, held. Some people have to use this opportunity to mendthe grave, most of them add soil to the head of the grave symbolically, and press some money on the top of the grave, let others see it, and know that there are still some people in the grave, so that the Qing Ming Festival is to go to the grave no matter how poor the family is. After sacrificing, people must have a picnic and eat up the food they offer, that is to say, they eat ”Fu Gang“ to express their frugality to their ancestors.
Many people have to eat onions and Egg cakes, meaning this custom continues be clever and sensible. Some people still pinching flowers, called ”steamed swallow“, eat the chicken and egg white. The little swallow came, and the real spring arrived. On the morning of Qingming, the whole family must eat eggs and chicks, and be clear eyed and not sick. Many students must bring eggs to the teacher to show their respect. On the other hand, during the Qingming Festival, paper with scorpion patterns was posted at home, and scorpions and centipede were not recruited in the family, especially in rural areas.
”Before and after the Qingming, planting melon and pea“ is a widely spread folk proverb. In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, the rural area began to arrange the farm time reasonably. On the Qingming Festival, many farmers eat sorghum rice for cattle. ”One thousand, ten thousand, no forgetting a meal of sorghum." Eat high grain gruel, wheat gruel, and corn porridge, which means BBK will eat a lot of beef and donkey on the day to reward their hard work for a year.
清明节古时也叫三月节,公历每年的4月4日至6日之间为清明节,是二十四节气之一。在二十四个节气中,既是节气又是节日的只有清明。清明节,又称扫坟节、鬼节、冥节,与七月十五中元节及十月十五下元节合称三冥节,都与祭祀鬼神有关。
清明节是中国重要的传统民俗节日之一,被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
中国传统的清明节大约始于周代,已有二千五百多年的历史。清明最开始是一个很重要的节气,清明一到,气温升高,正是春耕春种的大好时节,故有“清明前后,种瓜种豆”、“植树造林,莫过清明”的农谚。后来,由于清明与寒食的日子接近,而寒食是民间禁火扫墓的日子,渐渐的,寒食与清明就合二为一了,而寒食既成为清明的别称,也变成为清明时节的一个习俗,清明之日不动烟火,只吃凉的食品。
关于寒食,有这样一个传说:
相传春秋战国时代,晋献公的妃子骊姬为了让自己的儿子奚齐继位,就设毒计谋害太子申生,申生被逼自杀。申生的弟弟重耳,为了躲避祸害,流亡出走。在流亡期间,重耳受尽了屈辱。原来跟着他一道出奔的臣子,大多陆陆续续地各奔出路去了。只剩下少数几个忠心耿耿的人,一直追随着他。其中一人叫介子推。有一次,重耳饿晕了过去。介子推为了救重耳,从自己腿上割下了一块肉,用火烤熟了就送给重耳吃。十九年后,重耳回国做了君主,就是著名春秋五霸之一的晋文公。
晋文公执政后,对那些和他同甘共苦的臣子大加封赏,唯独忘了介子推。有人在晋文公面前为介子推叫屈。晋文公猛然忆起旧事,心中有愧,马上差人去请介子推上朝受赏封官。可是,差人去了几趟,介子推不来。晋文公只好亲去请。可是,当晋文公来到介子推家时,只见大门紧闭。介子推不愿见他,已经背着老母躲进了绵山(今山西介休市西南)。晋文公便让他的御林军上绵山搜索,没有找到。于是,有人出了个主意说,不如放火烧山,三面点火,留下一方,大火起时介子推会自己走出来的。晋文公乃下令举火烧山,孰料大火烧了三天三夜,大火熄灭后,终究不见介子推出来。上山一看,介子推母子俩抱着一棵烧焦的大柳树已经死了。晋文公望着介子推的尸体哭拜一阵,然后安葬遗体,发现介子推脊梁堵着个柳树树洞,洞里好像有什么东西。掏出一看,原来是片衣襟,上面题了一首血诗:
割肉奉君尽丹心,但愿主公常清明。
柳下作鬼终不见,强似伴君作谏臣。
倘若主公心有我,忆我之时常自省。
臣在九泉心无愧,勤政清明复清明。
晋文公将血书藏入袖中。然后把介子推和他的母亲分别安葬在那棵烧焦的大柳树下。为了纪念介子推,晋文公下令把绵山改为“介山”,在山上建立祠堂,并把放火烧山的这一天定为寒食节,晓谕全国,每年这天禁忌烟火,只吃寒食。
第二年,晋文公领着群臣,素服徒步登山祭奠,表示哀悼。行至坟前,只见那棵老柳树死树复活,绿枝千条,随风飘舞。晋文公望着复活的老柳树,像看见了介子推一样。他敬重地走到跟前,珍爱地掐了一下枝,编了一个圈儿戴在头上。祭扫后,晋文公把复活的老柳树赐名为“清明柳”,又把这天定为清明节。
以后,晋文公常把血书袖在身边,作为鞭策自己执政的座右铭。他勤政清明,励精图治,把国家治理得很好。
此后,晋国的百姓得以安居乐业,对有功不居、不图富贵的介子推非常怀念。每逢他死的那天,大家禁止烟火来表示纪念。还用面粉和着枣泥,捏成燕子的模样,用杨柳条串起来,插在门上,召唤他的灵魂,这东西叫“之推燕”(介子推亦作介之推)。此后,寒食、清明成了全国百姓的隆重节日。每逢寒食,人们即不生火做饭,只吃冷食。在北方,老百姓只吃事先做好的冷食如枣饼、麦糕等;在南方,则多为青团和糯米糖藕。每届清明,人们把柳条编成圈儿戴在头上,把柳条枝插在房前屋后,以示怀念。
在春光明媚,桃红柳绿的三四月间,中国传统习俗中最重视的其一节日就是清明节了。清明节就是现在的民间扫墓节。按主日说,约在四月五日前后,按农历,则是在三月上半月。古人把一年分为二十四节气,以这种岁时历法来播种、收成,清明便是二十四节气之一,时在春分后十五天,按“岁时百问”的说法:“万物生长此时,皆清洁而明净。故谓之清明。”所以,“清明”本为节气名,后来加了寒食禁火及扫墓的习俗才形成清明节的。
本来,寒食节与清明节是两个不同的节日,到了唐朝,将祭拜扫墓的日子定为寒食节。寒食节正确的日子是在冬至后一百零五天,约在清明前后,因此便将清明与寒食合并为一了!
在墓前祭祖扫墓,这个习俗在中国起源甚早。早在西周时对墓葬就十分重视。东周战国时代孟子的齐人篇也曾提及一个为人所耻笑的齐国人,常到东郭坟墓同乞食祭墓的祭品,可见战国时代扫墓之风气十分盛行。到了唐玄宗时,下诏定寒食扫墓为当时“五礼”之一,因此每逢清明节来到,“田野道路,士女遍满,皂隶佣丐,皆得父母丘墓。”(柳宗元《与许京兆书》)扫墓遂成为社会重要风俗。
而在寒冷的冬天,又要禁火吃冷食,怕有些老弱妇孺耐不住寒冷,也为了防止寒食冷餐伤身,于是就定了踏青、郊游、荡秋千,踢足球、打马球、插柳,拔河,斗鸡等户外活动,让大家出来晒晒太阳,活动活动筋骨,增加抵抗力。 因此,清明节除了祭祖扫墓之外,还有各项野外健身活动,使这个节日,除了有慎终追远的感伤,还融合了欢乐赏春的气氛;既有生离死别的悲酸泪,又到处是一派清新明丽的生动景象。真是一个极富特色,非常特别的节日。
清明是我国的二十四节气之一。由于二十四节气比较客观地反映了一年四季气温、降雨、物候等方面的变化,所以古代劳动人民用它安排农事活动。《淮南子・天文训》云:“春分后十五日,斗指乙,则清明风至。”按《岁时百问》的说法:“万物生长此时,皆清洁而明净。故谓之清明。”清明一到,气温升高,雨量增多,正是春耕春种的大好时节。故有“清明前后,点瓜种豆”、“植树造林,莫过清明”的农谚。可见这个节气与农业生产有着密切的关系。
但是,清明作为节日,与纯粹的节气又有所不同。节气是我国物候变化、时令顺序的标志,而节日则包含着一定的风俗活动和某种纪念意义。
清明英文翻译:Pure Brightness
天气晴朗,草木繁茂。
清明时,斗指丁。太阳黄经为15°。此时气候清爽温暖,草木始发新枝芽,万物开始生长,农民忙于春耕春种。从前,在清明节这一天,有些人家都在门口插上杨柳条,还到郊外踏青,祭扫坟墓,这是古老的习俗。
桐始华:白桐花开放。
田鼠化为:喜阴的田鼠不见了。
虹始见:雨后的天空可以见到彩虹。
清明是表征物候的节气,含有天气晴朗、草木繁茂的意思。清明这天,民间有踏青、寒食、扫墓等习俗。常言道:“清明断雪,谷雨断霜。”时至清明,盆地气候温暖,春意正浓。但在清明前后,仍然时有冷空气入侵,甚至使日平均气温连续3天以上低于12℃,造成中稻烂秧和早稻死苗,所以水稻播种、栽插要避开暖尾冷头。在川西高原,牲畜经严冬和草料不足的影响,抵抗力弱,需要严防开春后的强降温天气对老弱幼畜的危害。“清明时节雨纷纷”,是唐代著名诗人杜牧对江南春雨的写照。但是就四川而言,情况并非如此。特别是盆地西部,常处于春旱时段,4月上旬雨量一般仅10至20毫米,尚不足江南一带的一半;盆地东部虽然春雨较多,但4月上旬雨量一般也不过20至40毫米,自然降水亦不敷农业生产之需还须靠年前蓄水补充。此外,4月是凉山州一年之中冰雹最多的月份,应当加强对雹灾的防御。